Vacation Dreams

Tag: January 2005

  • Which Anti-Malarial by Paul at Travelpharm

    There are several different types of antimalarial medication,
    the choice of which depends on such factors as area to be
    visited, length of stay, your own medical history, medication
    you may already be taking, type of holiday (hotel, cruise,
    trekking etc).

    These drugs can be loosely divided between the older
    formulations (Chloroquine and Proguanil) and the more recent
    preparations licensed for antimalarial use (Doxycycline,
    Mefloquine and Malarone).

    Chloroquine has been used for around 50 years and during that
    time vast areas of the ‘malarious world’ have
    become resistant. As a 4-aminoquinoline derivative
    chloroquine prevents nucleic acid synthesis in actively
    dividing erythrocitic malarial parasites and thus DNA
    synthesis is affected. The drug is taken as two tablets
    weekly on the same day of each week, Countries still
    sensitive to Chloroquine include Costa Rica, Belize and
    Mexico.

    Proguanil is a Biguanide which is metabolised in the body to
    cycloguanil, an active form that blocks the production of
    folic acid and subsequent synthesis of DNA. The human
    cells are not affected by this action except during pregnancy
    where your doctor will usually give a folic acid supplement
    to counteract a possible shortfall in the mothers cells.

    As with Chloroquine there is widespread resistance now to
    Proguanil and it is often given in areas where the traveller
    is unable to take Chloroquine for some reason (such as
    sensitivity to the product). The Chloroquine and
    Proguanil when combined in one pack as Paludrine/Avloclor
    travel pack form a more formidable antimalarial and can be
    used in many more areas where the individual drugs would not
    be effective enough.

    In the Travel Pack of Paludrine/Avloclor produced by Astra
    Zeneca the dosage of Proguanil is two daily which would be
    taken at the same time and the Avloclor (Chloroquine) is two
    weekly, also taken together. (A calendar pack gives an
    easy format and prevents mistakes in dosage whilst
    away.) Proguanil/Chloroquine is used in countries such
    as Sri Lanka, Nepal and most of India. These
    preparations can be purchased without prescription from
    Pharmacies.

    The ‘newer’ group of antimalarials are helping to
    prevent malaria in areas where resistance has become a major
    problem, the malaria parasites being incredibly adept at
    mutating and hence overcoming the drugs used against them.

    Malarone is Atovoquone and Proguanil combined to give a
    combination of an antiprotozoal and a biguanide. The
    dosage is one tablet daily for adults usually taken one or
    two days before entering the malarious area, during and for
    seven days on leaving. There is also now a paediatric
    formulation for children.

    Lariam (Mefloquine) is a 4-aminoquinoline (as in Chloroquine)
    and in adults is taken as one tablet weekly. To check
    for side effects your doctor will often prescribe these at
    least two and a half weeks before travel, during and for four
    weeks on return.

    Last but not least is Doxycycline a well tried and
    tested tetracycline antibiotic given as the hyclate.
    This was found to have marked antimalarial properties as well
    as being an antibiotic. It is usually given one
    week before travel (if it has never been taken before),
    during and for four weeks on return.

    These last three products are prescription only and can only
    be obtained from a Pharmacy on supply of a private
    prescription issued by your doctor or travel clinic.
    Depending on your medical history etc., your doctor will
    decide which of these preparations are suitable for your
    travels.

    Chloroquine for example is not normally given if you suffer
    from psoriasis or epilepsy. If taking Warfarin for
    blood thinning always check this out with your doctor, and
    likewise if pregnant or hoping to become pregnant then again
    you must consult your doctor first before taking an
    antimalarial drugs.

    Your G.P. or Travel Nurse will check out the area you are
    about to visit and together with medical history and
    knowledge of the type of holiday will prescribe the relevant
    antimalarial.

    For prices and supply of any of these preparations you can
    log on to www.travelpharm.com or ring
    us on 01395 233771

  • Funny signs

    I was on the Lewis Pass in New Zealand and I saw a sign at a
    petrol station which stated, instead of petrol and diesel
    prices, ARM and LEG, gave me a chuckle

  • Mikindani in the Context of East African Warfare by Tim Dench

    At university I read War Studies and Theology. Whilst this
    makes me a complete weirdo it also means I can write very
    interesting newsletter articles. I have done one on Religion
    in Tanzania so now for the bit that keeps St Peter busy, War.

    Little is known of East African warfare before the arrival of
    Europeans but we know the Arabs would have been developed
    whilst any combat involving the natives would have been small
    scale using edged weapons like swords (pangas), spears, bows
    and possibly shields. A look at the contemporary Massai or
    watching Zulu (great film) will give you some idea of what
    this would involve. Some Kenyan pangas from the Mau Mau
    uprising are on display in the Imperial War Museum. The
    Swahili’s first contact with gunpowder was from the
    Omani Arabs and then the Portuguese. However, most of the
    European-Swahili conflict occurred from 1884 onwards with the
    arrival of German occupation. The huge technological and
    military advantage enjoyed by the German’s meant that
    they were going to win most rucks. The British-Dervish battle
    of Omdurman (1896) with rifles, machine guns and artillery
    left 30,000 of the Sudanese spear chuckers dead or wounded
    for the cost of fifty British dead. However, the Europeans
    did not always have an easy day of battle.

    The Hehe tribe had become one of the largest in
    Tanzania by the time of German occupation and opposed the
    colonists. In 1891 the heroic Chief Mkwawa led his tribe in
    battle at Lugalo and gave the Hun a good thrashing. A bit of
    a one off though as he was up against the finest offensive
    troops in the world and was soon on the run. He committed
    suicide and his head was cut off and sent to Germany where it
    remained until British diplomatic pressure saw it returned to
    Tanganyika in 1954.

    By 1905 the Swahilis had been forced into labour and as a
    result of the appalling conditions, rebelled. The rebellion
    was known as the Maji Maji rebellion (maji = water) as the
    natives believed the Germans’ bullets would turn to
    water after firing. If their knowledge of ballistics was
    somewhat more developed then they would probably not
    have suffered such terrible casualties. The Germans
    reacted harshly but effectively using scorched earth tactics
    which resulted in wide spread famine and malnutrition. Mass
    executions of tribal leaders especially to the fearsome Ngoni
    tribe mopped up any remaining resistance. About 100,000
    natives perished. Fortunately, the German colonists changed
    their stance and relative peace prevailed. Until 1914…

    German East Africa (GEA) was surrounded by the British to the
    east in Zanzibar, the north in Kenya, the south east in
    Nyasaland, by the Belgians in the Congo and the Portuguese
    were honouring England’s oldest alliance and,
    therefore, the Germans were hemmed in from the south by
    Mozambique. This unenviable position was defended by Paul Von
    Lettow Vorbeck leading at any point about 3,300 Germans and
    15,000 locally recruited levies. It was an impossible
    position really – his armaments were mostly obsolete
    and re-supply from the sea was going to be problematic.

    The German Kriegsmarine’s ship Konigsberg managed to
    out fox the Royal Navy (RN) and was able to land supplies and
    wreck the Pegasus as she cleaned her boilers off Zanzibar.
    She fled up the Rufiji River where her shallow draft meant
    she could escape from the RN’s guns. If you have seen a
    particularly shocking Roger Moore film ‘Shout at the
    Devil’ (nothing compared to Moonraker, “I think
    he’s attempting re-entry”), then it shows the
    idea a little. However, the response was not to get a poor
    quality actor to black up with boot polish and take an alarm
    clock attached to TNT to blow the ship up. The British got
    two shallow draft monitors with long range howitzers to shoot
    it. Before sinking, the Germans landed the guns and
    ammunition and the Captain later defended Lindi.

    Lettow Vorbeck employed hit and run tactics often deep into
    the surrounding colonies and was still being supplied by the
    Kriegsmarine. The RN blockaded the coast and supported the
    movements of the army along the coast. By 1916 the combined
    allied force outnumbered the Germans considerably and was led
    by the South African General Smuts. The Germans were rolled
    up and slowly encircled but the fighting continued in
    earnest. On 13th September a naval bombardment preceded a
    land attack on Mikindani. The impressive Customs House was
    shelled and wrecked and Mikindani claimed its only death of
    the war, sadly a forgotten villager. It appears the Boma was
    not attacked and resistance was not offered.

    After a long game of cat and mouse and many casualties
    to malaria and dysentery the brilliant military campaign of
    the charming and brave General Von Lettow Vorbeck came to an
    end. He heard of the armistice two days after its signing and
    gave up his sword honourably on 25th November in North
    Rhodesia as a truly great soldier. GEA passed into British
    administration under a League of Nations mandate and became
    Tanganyika. The coming of the 1939-45 war did not result in
    any domestic combat but Tanganyikans did volunteer for
    service in the King’s African Rifles and the population
    as a whole suffered from shortages and rationing as Britain
    pulled her Empire into the war. Roald Dahl’s
    ‘Going solo’ provides an interesting account of
    life in Tanganyika at the outbreak of war (as well as great
    snake and decapitation stories).

    The war passed as did British rule and now Tanzania is
    defended by the Tanzanian People’s Defence Force (TPDF)
    as well as a militia and a paramilitary police. I have
    personally seen the militia drilling and was not overly
    impressed. However, the TPDF proved themselves to be the best
    East African army in the war to oust Idi Amin from Uganda in
    1979. Needless to say if America wanted Tanzania I would put
    money on the yanks, the TPDF’s budget would not buy a
    single US fighter aircraft. There was an issue a few years
    ago of Tanzania buying a high tech radar system from a
    British firm, I am unsure of the outcome.

     A walk around
    Mikindani shows little evidence of current military activity
    but the historical signs are more common. The Mtwara airstrip
    was an RAF base, the customs house was destroyed by naval
    artillery and subsequent neglect, the splendid hotel is a
    fortified building. The Boma is no great castle but would
    have been a hard nut to crack. The crenulations (saw teeth
    type things you get at the top of castles) on the bastion at
    the back are wide enough to accommodate the large water
    cooled barrel of the Maxim machine gun whilst those on the
    tower could only fit a rifle. Both employed at the time of
    construction.

    The now covered well shows that the adage is true that a
    castle’s defence is only as deep as its well and the
    witch doctor who dug a whole at the top of the Boma hill
    looking for German treasure found only spent German rifle
    cartridges. Using a chicken as a metal detector probably was
    not the best method of finding treasure though. The fact that
    Tanzania is relatively boring to a student of war belies its
    greatest asset. The peaceable nature of its citizens.

  • Interesting Facts

    1. The USA has more
    personal computers than the next 7 countries combined.

    2. Americans and Icelanders
    go to the
    pictures on average 5 times a year, while Japanese go only
    once.

    3. The
    United States
    spends more money on its military than
    the next 12 nations combined.

    4. Kazakhstan is
    the
    world's largest landlocked
    country.

    5. Most people live in
    poverty in most African countries.

    6. Only two countries in the world are doubly landlocked:
    Liechtenstein
    and Uzbekistan.

    7. Senior gentlemen might consider a trip to Russia, where
    there's two
    over 65 women for every man.

    8. Sick of crowds? Try Greenland where
    there's 38 sq km
    per person.

    9. Sri
    Lanka
    has lowest divorce
    rate in the world – and the highest rate of female
    suicide.

    10. South
    Korea is the heliport
    capital of the world.

  • CD-rom ‘Kiribati, a personal report’ available now!

    This attractive CD gives by means of 10 videos, 700 original
    photographs with explanations and 60 stories a colourful and
    varied picture of the country and people of the atoll-state
    in the heart of the Pacific.

    Please visit http://www.kiribati.nl for more
    information.

  • A Forest Flight or Fight by Tony Annis

    The day not long born – Bloody hot already, the sun
    reflecting off the tarmac and I could already feel the weight
    of the heat on my back and head, even through my Tilley hat.
    The fragile looking little single-engined plane, nicknamed in
    Brazil a ‘Teko Teko’ because of its resemblance
    in sound and vision to a child’s model plane driven by
    elastic bands – It stood there and shimmered and glowed in
    the sunshine while the temperature had not yet even reached
    42 degrees Celsius.

    In what seemed like slow motion a fat mechanic slowly hand
    pumped fuel into the plane’s tank. The smell of
    aviation fuel added itself to the tropical morning smells as
    Adam Baines and I stood waiting nervously to load and board
    this Teko Teko. Denis, the pilot, stood there in his
    beautifully cut, fashionably faded Khaki. This
    forty-something, athletic pilot exuded confidence as he
    emerged from the cockpit holding a slender glass phial which
    he dipped in the fuel tank. Denis looked at the yellow liquid
    in the phial against the blue, blue sky. He slowly brought it
    to his nose and gently sniffed it and rolled it under his
    nose with the concentration of a wine connoisseur. In
    Cruzeiro the pilot’s nose makes the final decision
    between aviation fuel and anything else that could find its
    way into tank!

    Denis eyes turned to us, then drifted slowly over our
    baggage. He was not in a good mood. We were last minute
    passengers with extra weight, forcing him to remove all his
    various boxes, destined for different jungle stops and reload
    the craft again. On top of that we were going to pay the
    $900-00 with travellers’ cheques instead of US dollars
    cash. Denis looked us over. I could feel him wondering if the
    traveller’s cheques would bounce. He starred at these
    two Europeans and he probably wondered if we knew what we
    were getting into. I said, “The traveller’s
    cheques are paying for the return as well as the outward
    journey and, if they bounce; you won’t have to bring us
    back. Chief Biraci will vouch for us anyway”. Right he
    said, looking at my waistline “Back to the cargo hanger
    to get you weighed”. Finally, now having to believe
    that I really did weigh 85 Kilos, we approached the plane
    again.

    Instrument checks done, the tower gave us clearance, chocks
    away. Propeller whirling, he shouted above the engine in
    English, let us sway. Mystified for a moment, then Denis
    loudly said the Lord’s Prayer in Portuguese and asked
    for the Lord to watch over our journey. A moment of reality
    came through the excitement and I prayed to whatever gods are
    up there, please keep an eye on us. The plane slowly surged
    forward, gathering speed, it lifted off and skimmed above the
    trees. Cruzeiro gradually disappeared behind us. At last, the
    adventure was to begin as we soared up, up and away.

    I saw a carpet of green under the sky blue canopy, the sea of
    endless forest stretching as far as the eye could see to the
    edges of the horizon. I had a feeling of how small and
    insignificant are men in comparison to this wonder of nature.
    We flew on, gradually leaving behind the amazing golden
    beaches of the snaking river Jurua, so different from any
    riverbank I had come across before in either Africa or
    Australasia.

    I was sitting in the seat by the pilot with my camera at the
    ready. Ready for what? I looked down at the trees so tightly
    packed together, my imagination was running away with the
    thought of what might happen if our one motor took sick and
    died. Chief Biraci had said, “There are no bad old
    pilots in the Amazon. Bad pilots die young; and so do their
    passengers”. Quickly glancing round I saw Adam starring
    out of the window, obviously moved by the sight of such
    beauty. Not the time to spoil his dream with a possible
    nightmare, for at that moment a rainbow appeared across the
    jungle and made what was already wonderful, magical. I looked
    at the Chief relaxed in his seat. I began to feel some of
    passion he had for his home, and also began to understand how
    he stood up at a conference in Panama and caused
    consternation by tearing up a prepared speech while shouting,
    “The Yawanawa want their land back”.

    This man, who had lived on the building sites of Rio Branco
    and earned a pittance of money, had not only fed and clothed
    his body, but also fed his mind and soul and to become a
    survivor. At a time when most Indians ended up on the bottom
    of the human scrap heap, became alcoholics and the low life
    of the gutters of these fifth world towns. Chief Biraci had
    educated himself, fought for Indian rights to become their
    spokesman at the various conferences that became fashionable
    in the 80’s when the 1st world became aware of
    environmental issues. This plane journey was giving Biraci a
    small escape from his almost constant responsibility for the
    tribe. We had been in the air now for about 75 minutes, a
    journey that would have taken about fifteen days on foot or
    twenty by canoe.

    Denis, the pilot, banked the plane and we moved on to another
    compass heading. He shouted over the roar of the engine in as
    much of a conversational tone as possible, “Don’t
    forget to be back on the grass strip on the date we agreed.
    We were cutting it fine by planning to be back just a couple
    of days before the start of the rainy season and the plane
    would be unable to land if the strip was waterlogged. I had
    already had a bad landing on a previous trip on a water
    soaked landing strip, the plane had tipped up on its nose
    – So, I had been there, done that and had no desire to
    repeat the excitement. “I make two passes and then I
    leave – That’s the deal”. I shouted back to the
    pilot,” I won’t forget, nor will Adam we both
    know that a seventeen day walk as the wet season starts could
    be the end for us”. Denis smiled,”Could be? It
    definitely would be”. “Thanks for the vote of
    confidence”, I shouted. We banked again and Denis said,
    “Sete Estrellas, time to land”. We swooped down
    low, crossing the river Gregoria and making for the grass
    strip by the side of the small group of thatched huts that
    was the village of Sete Estrellas and the jumping off point
    for our trip into the unknown.

  • If Westernisation suits sir… stay there! If you’re open minded try the smiley coast by Michelle

    Michelle writes: I felt compelled to write about my second
    visit to The Gambia, it was all so different and held so many
    new experiences for me than from my first visit back in
    February this year. I also appear to have
    'dodged' the bumsters – as I got to know and befriend
    a few the first visit – hey life is hard they need to live
    yeh! And you fail to mention poverty in Gambia – as a
    'developing country' in your news letter! I
    appreciate bumsters can be annoying – I just tend to say
    'no abaracca' (thank you) and emphasise I'm
    staying at Kololi compound like a Gambian and they leave me
    alone!

    Yes, I stayed at a compound/lodge (£6 per night) and
    was no 5 star hotel – but if travellers want to experience
    The Gambia, what better way than to live the true Gambian
    experience? Ok sometimes it is a trickle from the cold
    water shower, the electricity is on 50% of the time, the two
    ring gas cooker is outside, and there’s a flea bitten
    dog guarding the gates to the compound..but hey my Gambian
    friends can visit – they are not excluded as they were when I
    stayed on a complex. I'd also like to mention the
    compound like the one mentioned below was moderately clean
    enough!

    The benefits of befriending Gambian people whether they are
    bumsters or taxi drivers or people from my friend
    Fakeba's compound – and they do not have the luxury of a
    toilet or running water there (water from the well in
    buckets) – or adequate schools for the children – (a tin
    hut!) is sharing experience. One of the best true
    experiences was sharing Koriteh holiday – the end of Ramadam
    with 14 adults and 10 children all living in one compound
    (about 8 one bedroomed houses) and sharing together excellent
    food from 4 large bowls and green tea. The children so nice
    and happy with no toys dressed in their Sunday best, the
    women worked so hard to make the meal. And other
    children and friends all come around from other compounds..is
    sooo nice.

    So I have my best soul mate Fakeba to show me around – I am
    charged as a Gambian not as a tourist..and my money is going
    into the local economy and not to the 'middle man' in
    an hotel! This cuts my costs down by at least 50%.
    So try the market in Serrekunda – I feel I was the only
    white person there – but food shopping is much cheaper than
    the supermarket – and as fresh – though the meat market was
    something else! (Very hot with flies and smelled!) though the
    food my friends cooked for me after – wow! So I return
    in kind..it is not hard, what I can save I can give –
    especially to the children. Please don’t ever go
    to the Gambia without some clothes for them or stationery for
    their school (special mention for Karin Nursery School,
    Serrekunda). Or why not give stationery to the children
    in a compound who do not go to school – less than 50% of the
    children can read or write.

    So my new experiences apart from those I mention above?
    Seeing dolphins coming back from St James Island – look
    out for them, and its a wonderful swim there! Seeing
    the women going out on their small canoes to pick oysters at
    Lamin Lodge.. my favourite place.. Seeing monitor lizards at
    Bijilo (monkey park). I'd also recommend going to
    Brufut fishing village – I rode by bike – but I’m sure
    there are easier ways to get there – saw cows being herded on
    the beach and the boats were so colourful – is sooo
    beautiful.

    I would say more about less beautiful encounters I witnessed
    between my friends and the police…. but I may get censored!

    I'd like to give a special mention to Kotu Point beach
    bar..one of the best and only bars that does not discriminate
    against Gambians trying to make a living by selling things..
    or 'hanging out' there… the views are wonderful as
    are my friends and the music there – and especially
    'bongo man' who will teach anyone to play! I’d
    also like to say to all you tourist not happy with Gambia –
    please remember it is a developing country that does not have
    the same access to health care, sanitation, education, social
    security and employment we in the west are privileged to
    have.. the culture is different – celebrate it along with all
    the similarities of humanity we all share! Share a
    smile on the smiley coast yeah – it is nice to be nice!
    I'm going back for more smiles next March… and
    especially looking forward to meeting my friend Fakeba's
    family who are Mandinka 180 miles up the river Gambia:)

  • Globetrotters Travel Award

    A member of Globetrotters Club? Interested in a £1,000
    travel award?

    Know someone who is? We have £1,000 to award each year
    for five years for the best submitted independent travel
    plan. Interested?

    Then see our legacy
    page
    on our Website, where you can apply with your plans
    for a totally independent travel trip and we'll take a
    look at it. Get those plans in!!

  • Mac’s Travel Tips

    We are sorry to say that Mac is not very well, but he is
    still e-mailing strong and recently sent the Beetle a
    collection of travel tips based on several trawls of travel
    websites. Here are some of the tips Mac has garnered:

    • 1. Put wallet in breast pocket of shirt and then put
      another shirt over it. Me: might want to have a
      second more accessible wallet to hand to any potential
      robber
    • 2. One traveller wrote that he kept two thirds of his cash
      in a pouch by his underwear
    • 3. Another person wrote in to suggest this: you get old
      white undies, create a fake crap stain in the appropriate
      place and lay over your valuables

    And here are some items that travellers have listed as being
    most glad they took: Gortex jacket, universal sink plug,
    nalgene bottle, toilet bag, pocket knife and camera, hiking
    type boots, backpack with pull-up handles and wheels, travel
    pillow, toothfloss, Pitzi headlight (a couple mentioned
    this), Ortlied folding bucket (a laundry bucket, bearing
    service bucket, and hat all in one).

    Nick O Neill writes in BootsNall.com some good advice.
    Mac says that he stole his name Travel Nutter from
    Nick. He evidently has travelled for years. Some
    ideas I gained from Nick: when you shower pin your money belt
    with a safety pin to your towel. (I don’t know
    about that, I am so forgetful, I would probably leave the
    shower room without my towel or the money belt attached to
    it!)

    On the subject of backpacks, Nick says he prefers a simple
    pack without 75 pockets and straps. He takes a medium
    sized pack that doesn’t encourage me to pack too much.
    Beetle: I have a side zipped Lowe Alpine pack that
    doubles up as a holdall that looks a bit less back packer-ish
    for those odd occasions when checking into somewhere a little
    more up market. Whatever backpack you use, try to get
    one with a zip cover that hides away all of the handles as
    these can get stuck in airport conveyor belts etc.

    Nick says he has used an extra long North Face sleeping bag
    for over a decade. Mac asks, does he own
    stock? Mac says he uses a hollow filled bag while
    heavier than a down bag, it will retain heat when wet.

    Nick says that he carries three $l00 bills in his money belt
    (the one fastened to a towel). He says he has even been
    able to use them in a shack in the Himalayas.

    Back to Mac: travellers who have had some military service
    might want to check out the overseas military clubs that are
    equivalent to the American Legion and Veterans of Foreign
    Wars etc. In Australia and New Zealand and Western
    Samoa they are RSL Clubs. I checked in at Cairns, told
    them a little bit about myself, where I had travelled etc and
    asked if they knew where the Catholic Church was, the time of
    Mass etc. and if they knew any reasonable place to stay and
    eat, asked about local bus transportation, what I should see
    etc. They made me an honorary member of their organization
    for the time of my stay in Australia.

    In South Africa they are MOTH clubs (military order of tin
    hats which started in WWI) and Comrade Clubs (British
    oriented.) Again, I was made an honorary member and
    even invited to some of the members’ homes. They like
    to learn about you and you like to learn about them. In
    the MOTH clubs the commander is always called Old Bill no
    matter what his actual name is.

    In Western Samoa, the commander of their RSL was an American
    working in Western Samoa. I asked how he got to be commander
    of this foreign club. He laughed and said he was about
    the only one of its members that had been in the service, the
    rest were associate members. Sometimes these clubs in some
    places to keep them going take associate members without any
    military service. Most of them are very hospitable and
    good sources of information and kind of a security blanket.
    Mac

    The Athletic Clubs and other clubs in some of the countries
    when you show them your passport will let you eat there and
    use their facilities.

    If you would like to contact Mac, he is happy to answer
    e-mails: macsan400@yahoo.com

  • Steve Cheetham Visits Northern Chile

    This is the first in a series of trip reports sent to the
    Beetle by Globetrotter Steve who is travelling around South
    America and Easter Island, the lucky chap! So, if you
    are planning trip to Suth America or are interested in
    knowing more about it, you may find Steve’s trip
    reports of interest.

    Life has it's ups and downs. On Tuesday I started the
    journey with a tour to the Altiplano National Parks.
    There were just three of us in the group, myself and two
    Germans. We went first to the local farmer’s
    market to stock up on fresh vegetables and fruit for picnics
    on the trip. Then we headed inland for a view of
    ancient petroglyphs showing herdsmen and llamas. There
    was a tomato farm nearby where we bought fresh produce,
    exceptionally huge tomatoes.

    The next call was a Hari Krishne monastery where we had lunch
    and then started to climb. It was the main road to La
    Paz and there were some heavy lorries on the road, one of
    which had started to roll backwards and had come a
    cropper. We called at a fortified site over 2000 years
    old where the entrance to a fertile valley was guarded by a
    series of semi circular walls. The countryside was now
    very dry and we climbed through an area of cactus found only
    in that area of Chile. Near Socompa we went for a short
    walk down an Inca roadway and we started to see the first
    wild guanaco and llamas in the fields. We entered the
    village of Sacompa and looked at the very old church with its
    squat detached tower. From there we climbed to Putre
    where we were to stop for the evening. Unfortunately
    for me I was unable to eat the evening meal as I was feeling
    light-headed and wasn’t hungry. I had a very poor
    night’s sleep and was sick in the morning.
    Nevertheless I set off with the group up to Lauca National
    Park. There were spectacular views of the volcano
    across the lake and vicuña to be seen. The group
    went for a walk but I wasn't feeling well enough to go
    and so stayed with the vehicle. In fact I slept most of
    the time they were away. When they returned I was unable to
    keep fluids down. We returned to Pucalpa as planned but
    once there the group leader took me to a doctor who said my
    blood pressure was dangerously low because of the altitude
    and I needed to travel down to sea level immediately.
    They tested my blood pressure before oxygen, while breathing
    oxygen through a mask and then again after the mask was taken
    off. It immediately fell to very low levels. And
    so the tour leader drove me down to Arica immediately and the
    tour carried on without me.

    The next day my appetite returned a little. I got a bus
    to Iquique and booked into a hotel for a couple of nights
    there. Iquique is a very strange city. It is set
    at the foot of cliffs that must be above 3000 feet
    high. An enormous sand dune extends into the Southern
    part of the city. The old downtown area was very run
    down and poor, but right next door are two large sandy bays
    and a lot of quite wealthy looking seaside developments – a
    casino, sailing club and smart hotels. In the old town
    is one long street of big houses built when the city was
    wealthy from the nitrate trade. This extended from an
    Opera House where Caruso sang to the sea. The whole
    street is listed and the buildings, built of timber shipped
    from Oregon in the 19th century, are being restored. It
    has all been pedestrianised with timber side walks, Victorian
    era lamp posts and street furniture installed and a new horse
    tram route is being constructed. Apart from these
    features it was quite a dull place and so yesterday I boarded
    another bus and spent four hours twisting down the
    spectacular coast with cliffs and mountains on one side and
    the Pacific on the other but nothing growing and no
    settlement. The road then turned inland past the Santa
    Elena Nitrate plant and an enormous copper mine to Calama
    where I changed bus and travelled the last hour to San Pedro,
    through the desert, as the sun set and the mountains glowed
    in oranges, reds and gold.

    As the bus pulled in I saw one of the Germans who had been on
    the National Parks tour and chatted to him. I found
    myself a pleasant hotel and then went out for a good dinner
    in a restaurant with live musicians where I bumped into a
    retired Irish teacher from Maidstone who I had met in Arica.

    After the problems of the Andes, San Pedro proved a welcome
    change. I took it easy on the first day, just going to
    the wonderful museum. I chose the same time as a SAGA group.
    What has happened to adventure travel? One member
    of the group was so overweight she wasn’t able to
    manage the whole museum tour and commented that the thin gold
    used for face masks looked as though it had been made to
    cover chocolate.

    The next day I was feeling more adjusted to the altitude and
    walked out to a pre-Inca fort 3km from town. I arrived
    shortly after the SAGA party. The fort is built on a
    steep hillside where the river leaves a gorge and forms the
    oasis. The stonework was interesting, similar if cruder
    than Inca work. There was a maze of rooms, passages and
    who knows what leading up to an excellent viewpoint.
    The SAGA group didn't get there. The area has
    an interesting history. The Incas were only dominant
    for 60 years. The local people just submitted to them
    so were not defeated. However when news came that the Spanish
    had defeated the Incas the community leaders decided they
    weren't going to be dictated to about changing their
    names to match a new not understood religion. They
    therefore rebelled and retreated to their 11th Century fort.
    The Spanish, with horses and assisted by some local
    antagonistic neighbours defeated them in short time and
    executed the leaders. San Pedro de Atacama then became the
    sleepy backwater it remained until recently.

    Next day, feeling full of confidence, I joined a tour to the
    Salar de Atacame to see the birds. The Salar looked
    like thawing snow, a grubby white and crunchy underfoot, with
    surface water in places. In the distance the distinct
    shape of the flamingos could be seen although even with
    strong binoculars you couldn't tell what species of the
    three found there were in sight. When they flew they
    looked even pinker and had an unusual Concorde profile with
    the wings far back along their bodies. In the distance
    Volcano Lascar steamed. It erupts every four years, the
    last time being 2000! It seems it throws out ash, not
    lava, and the winds always take the ash into Argentina.
    So that was alright.

    The next stop was the isolated village of Socaire which had a
    very small stone church and tower. The church had
    become unsafe and so the community built a replica on a new
    town square but were now repairing the original. Around
    were terraces used for growing vegetables but slowly going
    out of use. Local men work in the Lithium extraction
    plant at the Salire and so the local economy is becoming cash
    based.

    From the village we ascended to the deep blue Lakes of
    Miscanti and Miñques at above12,000 feet. We
    walked along a ridge from one to the other with stunning
    views and then back close to the shore. It was an
    important site for the flamingos to breed.
    They’re poor parents producing one chick which
    they will abandon if disturbed. It was the breeding
    season so we had to keep back from the lake shore. I
    was pleased to manage the walking without breathlessness or
    losing lunch!

    The final stop was the village of Tocanao which is at the end
    of a gorge with a stream flowing through it. The stream
    is used for irrigating figs, quince, grapes and other fruit.
    The contrast between the arid highlands and the deep
    green of the valley was outstanding. It reminded me of
    Dovedale with surreal colour enhancement. Walking along the
    valley was a real pleasure after the heat and exertions of
    the rest of the day.

    San Pedro de Atacama has an odd mix of visitors. There
    is a 'hippy' Chilean element, European gap year
    students, young European Professionals and elderly Islington
    or Baden Baden types having an alternative retirement
    holiday. The restaurants are a little more expensive
    than usual in Chile but have some adventurous combinations on
    the menu and the wine is delicious.

    Well, I moved on to Antofagasta. Antofagasta is lack
    lustre. It's just a busy city and a bit down at
    heel. I decided to spend half a day looking at an
    industrial museum a little out of town. At the bus
    station this morning there were several ticket windows with
    bored staff sitting behind them and closed signs firmly in
    place. I went to the enquiry desk where three men were
    assisting one customer. After a while one broke away to
    see me. Can I have a ticket to Bacquedano I
    asked. I was told to get on the bus already in the
    terminal quickly and buy a ticket from the conductor.
    After half an hour the bus left. (Why the hurry?)
    “Bacquedano” I said to the conductor.
    “Calama?” he replied. “No,
    Baquedano.” I said. “Maria Elena?” he said.
    “No. Baquedano,” I said firmly and pointed to it
    in heavy print in my guide book. “Ah, Baquedano”
    he said, “$1 000”. I paid.

    The museum was hopeless, uncared for, vandalised and
    derelict. I nosed around, did a sketch and went top the
    village for lunch. I had a tasty empenada and a cola
    for about a pound and then asked where was the best place to
    get a bus back to Antofagasta. The cafe owner said they
    were every half hour and you could flag them down infront of
    the cafe. He would bring me a chair so I could sit in
    the shade. As he was telling me this a bus went past.
    I sat in the shade for an hour before the next bus
    came. I waved. The driver and conductor waved back and
    drove past in a half empty bus. I decided to walk up to
    the police check point at the entry to town were all buses
    and trucks have to stop. After half an hour of standing
    in the early afternoon heat a bus came and I got on. He
    then stopped and picked someone else up outside the cafe
    where I had been sitting half an hour earlier.

    Back in town I felt I deserved a coffee and lemon pie.
    After quite a while the waiter returned with the coffee
    but said there was no lemon pie. I’m going to
    treat myself to a nice sea food dinner and white wine.
    Wish me luck.

    Next Steve goes to Easter Island.